The State-of-the-Art of Battery Electric City Buses

Camiel J.J. Beckers; Igo J.M. Besselink; Henk Nijmeijer

The State-of-the-Art of Battery Electric City Buses

Camiel J.J. Beckers, Igo J.M. Besselink, Henk Nijmeijer

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Samenvatting

Over the last decade, many manufacturers brought battery electric city buses to the market. By organizing and categorizing the reported specifications of more than 100 of these vehicles, this paper aims to create an overview of the state-of-the-art. The used information is obtained from manufacturer websites and news sources. The results indicate that Lithium-ion Iron Phosphate is the most often used battery cell chemistry. Based on the reported range and battery capacity, the energy consumption is 1.3 kWh/km on average. Therefore, at an occupancy rate of 38% (seated), battery electric buses offer the same energy consumption per person as an average electric passenger car. The current lack of standardization in the reported range makes direct a comparison of individual vehicles difficult.

Originele taal-2	Engels
Aantal pagina's	8
Status	Gepubliceerd - 28 jun. 2021
Evenement	34th International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS34) - Nanjing, China Duur: 25 jun. 2021 → 28 jun. 2021 http://www.evs34.org.cn/

Congres

Congres	34th International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS34)
Verkorte titel	EVS34
Land/Regio	China
Stad	Nanjing
Periode	25/06/21 → 28/06/21
Internet adres	http://www.evs34.org.cn/

Bibliografische nota

An extended version of this work, with additional figures and results, can be found in Appendix A of (Beckers, 2022, pp. 137-150).

Beckers, C. J. J. (2022). Energy Consumption Prediction for Electric City Buses: Using Physics-Based Principles. Phd Thesis. Eindhoven University of Technology. https://doi.org/10.6100/94326d40-7f9b-4a77-89fe-4fd4606d9a8f

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title = "The State-of-the-Art of Battery Electric City Buses",

abstract = "Over the last decade, many manufacturers brought battery electric city buses to the market. By organizing and categorizing the reported specifications of more than 100 of these vehicles, this paper aims to create an overview of the state-of-the-art. The used information is obtained from manufacturer websites and news sources. The results indicate that Lithium-ion Iron Phosphate is the most often used battery cell chemistry. Based on the reported range and battery capacity, the energy consumption is 1.3 kWh/km on average. Therefore, at an occupancy rate of 38% (seated), battery electric buses offer the same energy consumption per person as an average electric passenger car. The current lack of standardization in the reported range makes direct a comparison of individual vehicles difficult.",

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note = "An extended version of this work, with additional figures and results, can be found in Appendix A of (Beckers, 2022, pp. 137-150). Beckers, C. J. J. (2022). Energy Consumption Prediction for Electric City Buses: Using Physics-Based Principles. Phd Thesis. Eindhoven University of Technology. https://doi.org/10.6100/94326d40-7f9b-4a77-89fe-4fd4606d9a8f; 34th International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS34), EVS34 ; Conference date: 25-06-2021 Through 28-06-2021",

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AU - Besselink, Igo J.M.

AU - Nijmeijer, Henk

N1 - An extended version of this work, with additional figures and results, can be found in Appendix A of (Beckers, 2022, pp. 137-150). Beckers, C. J. J. (2022). Energy Consumption Prediction for Electric City Buses: Using Physics-Based Principles. Phd Thesis. Eindhoven University of Technology. https://doi.org/10.6100/94326d40-7f9b-4a77-89fe-4fd4606d9a8f

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Y1 - 2021/6/28

N2 - Over the last decade, many manufacturers brought battery electric city buses to the market. By organizing and categorizing the reported specifications of more than 100 of these vehicles, this paper aims to create an overview of the state-of-the-art. The used information is obtained from manufacturer websites and news sources. The results indicate that Lithium-ion Iron Phosphate is the most often used battery cell chemistry. Based on the reported range and battery capacity, the energy consumption is 1.3 kWh/km on average. Therefore, at an occupancy rate of 38% (seated), battery electric buses offer the same energy consumption per person as an average electric passenger car. The current lack of standardization in the reported range makes direct a comparison of individual vehicles difficult.

AB - Over the last decade, many manufacturers brought battery electric city buses to the market. By organizing and categorizing the reported specifications of more than 100 of these vehicles, this paper aims to create an overview of the state-of-the-art. The used information is obtained from manufacturer websites and news sources. The results indicate that Lithium-ion Iron Phosphate is the most often used battery cell chemistry. Based on the reported range and battery capacity, the energy consumption is 1.3 kWh/km on average. Therefore, at an occupancy rate of 38% (seated), battery electric buses offer the same energy consumption per person as an average electric passenger car. The current lack of standardization in the reported range makes direct a comparison of individual vehicles difficult.

KW - BEV (battery electric vehicle)

KW - Bus

KW - Energy consumption

KW - heavy-duty vehicle

KW - Public transport

M3 - Paper

T2 - 34th International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS34)

Y2 - 25 June 2021 through 28 June 2021

ER -

The State-of-the-Art of Battery Electric City Buses

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Congres

Bibliografische nota

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