Rolling Horizon-Based Scheduling for Flexibility Provision in Multi-Energy Systems

The accelerating integration of renewable energy and the coupling of electricity, gas, and heating systems demand enhanced operational flexibility in multi-energy systems (MES). However, managing flexibility in MES is challenging due to the intermittent nature of renewables and the lack of comprehensive coordination strategies. This paper proposes an intra-day rolling horizon optimization framework for a MES that provides flexibility services to the distribution system. The framework bridges the gap between day-ahead scheduling and intra-day operation by continuously rescheduling energy assets in response to grid operator requests. Flexibility provision is modeled as a capacity limitation service, and the flexibility assets of the MES, including battery energy storage, thermal energy storage, a combined heat-and-power unit, and a heat pump, are co-optimized to minimize total operational cost while supplying both electrical and thermal loads. In a case study, the proposed scheduling approach significantly reduces daily operating costs and generates additional revenue through flexibility market participation. These results demonstrate an effective enhancement of MES flexibility and reliable support for the grid within the proposed framework.