TY - JOUR
T1 - Multi-Level Energy Management—Part II
T2 - Implementation and Validation
AU - van Reeven, Vital
AU - Hofman, Theo
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation via the High Tech Automotive (HTAS) Program for the Hybrid Innovations for Trucks (HIT) project. Acknowledgments
Funding Information:
This research was supported by DAF Trucks N.V. and the Eindhoven University of Technology.
PY - 2019/12
Y1 - 2019/12
N2 - In hybrid electric vehicles, energy management systems (EMS) using optimization show superior fuel efficiency compared to rule-based strategies. However, little research shows its real-life applicability. In Part II of this work, the multi-level, model-predictive EMS from Part I is implemented on a heavy-duty parallel hybrid electric vehicle, using GPS and map data as preview. The power split, hybrid mode, and gear selection, including switching costs, are optimized in real time, thereby proving the feasibility of optimal control techniques for hybrid driveline control. Functional validation of the EMS on a test track confirm the fuel-saving mechanism as simulated in Part I. In addition to a fuel saving of 36%, the EMS also improves the drivability, by reducing the amount of open driveline events.
AB - In hybrid electric vehicles, energy management systems (EMS) using optimization show superior fuel efficiency compared to rule-based strategies. However, little research shows its real-life applicability. In Part II of this work, the multi-level, model-predictive EMS from Part I is implemented on a heavy-duty parallel hybrid electric vehicle, using GPS and map data as preview. The power split, hybrid mode, and gear selection, including switching costs, are optimized in real time, thereby proving the feasibility of optimal control techniques for hybrid driveline control. Functional validation of the EMS on a test track confirm the fuel-saving mechanism as simulated in Part I. In addition to a fuel saving of 36%, the EMS also improves the drivability, by reducing the amount of open driveline events.
KW - energy management
KW - multi-level
KW - optimal control
KW - switching decisions
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075888676&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/vehicles1010003
DO - 10.3390/vehicles1010003
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85075888676
SN - 2624-8921
VL - 1
SP - 41
EP - 56
JO - Vehicles
JF - Vehicles
IS - 1
ER -