TY - BOOK
T1 - Measuring velocity by differentiation of analog encoder signals
AU - Winarto, R.F.
AU - Steinbuch, M.
AU - Molengraft, van de, M.J.G.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - In this report a new method for measuring velocities has been introduced. During the research
in literature an overview has been made of the existing methods of measuring velocities. From
this research, it can be concluded that a lot of existing approaches only work in specific settings.
Besides this, it can be concluded that the proposed new method does not exist yet.
The proposed method has been explained in theory and it has been theorized that this new
method is not influenced by at least one dominant error source, namely the phase errors in the
encoder. In addition, a calibration method has been introduced that makes it possible to use
the proposed method accurately. This method works independent of measurement errors near
the peaks of the encoder signals, like for example errors caused by saturation of the light sensors
inside an encoder. In addition it has been shown that the proposed methods can be easily adapted
to work with sawtooth signals instead of sinusoidal signals. This eliminates the errors caused by
waveform distortion that used to be present when encoders are used that output sawtooth signals.
And finally it has been theorized that misalignments of the encoder slits no longer influence the
velocity measurement.
Simulation and experiments using the proposed methods confirm that measuring the velocity
by differentiation of the separate encoder channels is possible. It has also been shown that the
sampling frequency limits the maximum velocity, because the differentiation of an encoder channel
becomes inaccurate when insufficient samples are available per increment. In addition it has been
shown that quick changes in the velocity do not influence the accuracy of the measurement.
It has also been shown that for sawtooth signals, it is now possible to measure velocity without
being disturbed by this waveform distortion. This made it possible to measure the velocity with
a 100 slits analog encoder with about the same accuracy as with a high resolution TTL encoder
(which measures 80000 counts per rotation).
AB - In this report a new method for measuring velocities has been introduced. During the research
in literature an overview has been made of the existing methods of measuring velocities. From
this research, it can be concluded that a lot of existing approaches only work in specific settings.
Besides this, it can be concluded that the proposed new method does not exist yet.
The proposed method has been explained in theory and it has been theorized that this new
method is not influenced by at least one dominant error source, namely the phase errors in the
encoder. In addition, a calibration method has been introduced that makes it possible to use
the proposed method accurately. This method works independent of measurement errors near
the peaks of the encoder signals, like for example errors caused by saturation of the light sensors
inside an encoder. In addition it has been shown that the proposed methods can be easily adapted
to work with sawtooth signals instead of sinusoidal signals. This eliminates the errors caused by
waveform distortion that used to be present when encoders are used that output sawtooth signals.
And finally it has been theorized that misalignments of the encoder slits no longer influence the
velocity measurement.
Simulation and experiments using the proposed methods confirm that measuring the velocity
by differentiation of the separate encoder channels is possible. It has also been shown that the
sampling frequency limits the maximum velocity, because the differentiation of an encoder channel
becomes inaccurate when insufficient samples are available per increment. In addition it has been
shown that quick changes in the velocity do not influence the accuracy of the measurement.
It has also been shown that for sawtooth signals, it is now possible to measure velocity without
being disturbed by this waveform distortion. This made it possible to measure the velocity with
a 100 slits analog encoder with about the same accuracy as with a high resolution TTL encoder
(which measures 80000 counts per rotation).
M3 - Report
T3 - CST
BT - Measuring velocity by differentiation of analog encoder signals
PB - Eindhoven University of Technology
CY - Eindhoven
ER -