Magnetic biosensors - From molecule to system

Biosensors research combines molecular-level with system-level challenges. The molecular challenge is to rapidly and reliably detect very low concentrations of molecules in a complex biological sample. The system challenge is to find principles that enable the integration of a series of process steps in a disposable cartridge. This paper describes how both aspects can be served by the actuation and detection of magnetic particles, illustrated by the example of immunoassay biosensing.