Daylight contribution to an artificially lit football field

Sports fields all over the world have to fulfil certain requirements defined for light conditions.
Especially for the football industry these rules are very strict. Daylight has never been studied for meeting those requirements, although it has the possibility to reduce energy costs and increase visual comfort. This study investigated potential daylight contribution to a currently artificially lit sports field. As a real world example, the Philips Stadium, home of football club PSV, in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, is chosen to model, validated with on-field measurements. A model in DIALux was used to simulate a football season and focus on what the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) has required, such as illuminance levels, uniformity and glare. Results indicate that daylight always fulfils a few of the requirements, although there are only a few situations in which all are fulfilled.