CFD evaluation of building geometry modifications to reduce pedestrian-level wind speed

Thijs van Druenen; Twan A.J. van Hooff; Hamid Montazeri; Bert Blocken

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106293

CFD evaluation of building geometry modifications to reduce pedestrian-level wind speed

Thijs van Druenen (Corresponding author)
, Twan A.J. van Hooff
, Hamid Montazeri
, Bert Blocken

Building Physics

Onderzoeksoutput: Bijdrage aan tijdschrift › Tijdschriftartikel › Academic › peer review

155 Citaten (Scopus)

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High-rise buildings can significantly increase the wind speed at pedestrian level, and knowledge of building aerodynamics and pedestrian-level wind (PLW) conditions is therefore imperative in their design. This study aims at evaluating different building geometry modifications to reduce PLW speed around an isolated high-rise building. Numerical simulations with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are performed to evaluate the effect of canopies, podiums and permeable floors. To the best knowledge of the authors, a systematic study on the impact of these modifications on PLW conditions using validated CFD simulations has not been reported before. Grid-sensitivity analyses are performed and sub-configuration validation is applied using wind-tunnel measurements from the literature. It is shown that a canopy or a podium can significantly reduce the area-averaged PLW speed (up to 29%) and maximum PLW speed (up to 36%) around the high-rise building. In general, the PLW speeds decrease with increasing canopy or podium size. The introduction of a permeable floor to the building can reduce the maximum and area-averaged mean wind speed. However, when low-floor building layers are removed, adverse effects are noted, i.e. the average PLW speed increases (up to 21%) and the lower-speed wake region behind the building is reduced in size.

Originele taal-2	Engels
Artikelnummer	106293
Aantal pagina's	24
Tijdschrift	Building and Environment
Volume	163
DOI's	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106293
Status	Gepubliceerd - 1 okt. 2019

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Twan van Hooff and Hamid Montazeri are currently postdoctoral fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders and acknowledge its financial support (project FWO 12R9718N and project FWO 12M5319N , respectively). The authors also gratefully acknowledge the partnership with ANSYS CFD. Appendix A Fig. A1 Canopy: Contours of the dimensionless velocity magnitude (U/U ϕ ) and velocity vector field in the sampling plane at a height of 1.75  m for the reference case, S O /H = 0.05, S O /H = 0.1 and S O /H = 0.2, for three wind directions ϕ = 0°, ϕ = 45° and ϕ = 90°. Fig. A1 Fig. A2 Canopy: Contours of the dimensionless velocity magnitude (U/U ϕ ) and velocity vector field in the sampling plane at a height of 1.75  m for S O /H = 0.3, S O /H = 0.4 and S O /H = 0.5, for three wind directions ϕ = 0°, ϕ = 45° and ϕ = 90°. Fig. A2 Fig. A3 Podium: Contours of the dimensionless velocity magnitude (U/U ϕ ) and velocity vector field in the sampling plane at a height of 1.75  m for the reference case, S O /H = 0.05, S O /H = 0.1 and S O /H = 0.2, for three wind directions ϕ = 0°, ϕ = 45° and ϕ = 90°. Fig. A3 Fig. A4 Podium: Contours of the dimensionless velocity magnitude (U/U ϕ ) and velocity vector field in the sampling plane at a height of 1.75  m for S O /H = 0.3, S O /H = 0.4 and S O /H = 0.5, for three wind directions ϕ = 0°, ϕ = 45° and ϕ = 90°. Fig. A4 Fig. A5 Permeable floor: Contours of the dimensionless velocity magnitude (U/U ϕ ) and velocity vector field in the sampling plane at a height of 1.75  m for the reference case, F P  = 0, F P  = 1 and F P  = 2, for three wind directions ϕ = 0°, ϕ = 45° and ϕ = 90°. Fig. A5 Fig. A6 Permeable floor: Contours of the dimensionless velocity magnitude (U/U ϕ ) and velocity vector field in the sampling plane at a height of 1.75  m for F P  = 3, F P  = 4, F P  = 5 and F P  = 7, for three wind directions ϕ = 0°, ϕ = 45° and ϕ = 90°. Fig. A6 Fig. A7 Permeable floor: Contours of the dimensionless velocity magnitude (U/U ϕ ) and velocity vector field in the sampling plane at a height of 1.75  m for F P  = 9, F P  = 10, F P  = 11 and F P  = 13, for three wind directions ϕ = 0°, ϕ = 45° and ϕ = 90°. Fig. A7

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10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106293

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title = "CFD evaluation of building geometry modifications to reduce pedestrian-level wind speed",

abstract = "High-rise buildings can significantly increase the wind speed at pedestrian level, and knowledge of building aerodynamics and pedestrian-level wind (PLW) conditions is therefore imperative in their design. This study aims at evaluating different building geometry modifications to reduce PLW speed around an isolated high-rise building. Numerical simulations with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are performed to evaluate the effect of canopies, podiums and permeable floors. To the best knowledge of the authors, a systematic study on the impact of these modifications on PLW conditions using validated CFD simulations has not been reported before. Grid-sensitivity analyses are performed and sub-configuration validation is applied using wind-tunnel measurements from the literature. It is shown that a canopy or a podium can significantly reduce the area-averaged PLW speed (up to 29\%) and maximum PLW speed (up to 36\%) around the high-rise building. In general, the PLW speeds decrease with increasing canopy or podium size. The introduction of a permeable floor to the building can reduce the maximum and area-averaged mean wind speed. However, when low-floor building layers are removed, adverse effects are noted, i.e. the average PLW speed increases (up to 21\%) and the lower-speed wake region behind the building is reduced in size.",

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AU - Montazeri, Hamid

AU - Blocken, Bert

PY - 2019/10/1

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N2 - High-rise buildings can significantly increase the wind speed at pedestrian level, and knowledge of building aerodynamics and pedestrian-level wind (PLW) conditions is therefore imperative in their design. This study aims at evaluating different building geometry modifications to reduce PLW speed around an isolated high-rise building. Numerical simulations with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are performed to evaluate the effect of canopies, podiums and permeable floors. To the best knowledge of the authors, a systematic study on the impact of these modifications on PLW conditions using validated CFD simulations has not been reported before. Grid-sensitivity analyses are performed and sub-configuration validation is applied using wind-tunnel measurements from the literature. It is shown that a canopy or a podium can significantly reduce the area-averaged PLW speed (up to 29%) and maximum PLW speed (up to 36%) around the high-rise building. In general, the PLW speeds decrease with increasing canopy or podium size. The introduction of a permeable floor to the building can reduce the maximum and area-averaged mean wind speed. However, when low-floor building layers are removed, adverse effects are noted, i.e. the average PLW speed increases (up to 21%) and the lower-speed wake region behind the building is reduced in size.

AB - High-rise buildings can significantly increase the wind speed at pedestrian level, and knowledge of building aerodynamics and pedestrian-level wind (PLW) conditions is therefore imperative in their design. This study aims at evaluating different building geometry modifications to reduce PLW speed around an isolated high-rise building. Numerical simulations with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are performed to evaluate the effect of canopies, podiums and permeable floors. To the best knowledge of the authors, a systematic study on the impact of these modifications on PLW conditions using validated CFD simulations has not been reported before. Grid-sensitivity analyses are performed and sub-configuration validation is applied using wind-tunnel measurements from the literature. It is shown that a canopy or a podium can significantly reduce the area-averaged PLW speed (up to 29%) and maximum PLW speed (up to 36%) around the high-rise building. In general, the PLW speeds decrease with increasing canopy or podium size. The introduction of a permeable floor to the building can reduce the maximum and area-averaged mean wind speed. However, when low-floor building layers are removed, adverse effects are noted, i.e. the average PLW speed increases (up to 21%) and the lower-speed wake region behind the building is reduced in size.

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CFD evaluation of building geometry modifications to reduce pedestrian-level wind speed

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