Analysis of soot formation in a lab-scale Rich-Quench-Lean combustor using LES with tabulated chemistry

A numerical study of the effects of air dilution on soot formation and particle dynamics in a lab-scale rich-quench-lean (RQL) combustor is presented using large-eddy simulations (LES) with tabulated chemistry. The modeling approach comprises a flamelet generated manifold (FGM) turbulent combustion model and an efficient discrete sectional method with clustering of sections (CDSM) to model soot formation. Three operating conditions are studied including a reference case without secondary air dilution and two cases with varying air dilution levels. For the latter, the split between primary and dilution air is varied from 80:20 to 60:40 expressed in percentage values. The study aims to investigate the effect of air dilution on the formation and oxidation of soot for various air splits using a direct comparison with the available experimental data. The results show a good correlation between predicted flame topology and spatial distribution of the soot volume fraction with the experimental observations. The introduction of air dilution is found to limit the production of soot with a more drastic reduction for the 40% dilution case compared to the 20% condition. Predicted particle size distributions (PSD) from the case without secondary air dilution correlate well with scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) measurements although fewer and smaller particles are predicted with air dilution. Leaner mixtures and enhanced oxidation, resulting from the interaction with air dilution jets, favor the decrease in soot formation.