This paper was prepared by members of the European Distribution System Operators (E.DSO) Technology and Knowledge Sharing (T&KS) Committee. E.DSO gathers 35 leading electricity distribution system operators (DSOs) cooperating to ensure the reliability of Europe’s electricity supply for consumers and enabling their active participation in our energy system. The T&KS Committee of E.DSO is the reference point for discussion on technical topics that impact the development of smart distribution grids and aims to provide guidance to E.DSO members as they face the technological challenges brought by the energy transition.