Wearable and mobile systems

The recent spectacular progress in the microelectronic, information, communication, material and sensor technologies created a big stimulus towards development of smart communicating cyber-physical systems (CPS). CPS connected to Internet started to form the Internet of Things (IoT) that is undergoing an explosive growth. In 2013 there were approximately 12.1 billion internet-connected devices, and their number is expected to more than quadruple to nearly 50 billion devices by 2025. Modern mobile systems constitute a very important subclass of CPS. Examples of such systems include automotive and transportation systems, mobile equipment transported by people or animals (including wearable or implantable systems), mobile robots, etc. For the CPS and IoT chip market as high as 30% annual growth rate is predicted for the period 2013-2020 (Gartner, Oct. 2014) that will be mainly driven by the need for low-power embedded processing, communications and sensing for mobile CPS sectors like smart automotive, wireless communication and wearables, with smart healthcare wearables growing at 65% a year to $41 billion in 2020 (Soreon Research, Oct. 2014).