Video scanning format conversion and motion estimation

G. Haan, de, R.A.C. Braspenning

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Abstract

Video standards have been designed in the past to strike a particular compromise between quality, cost, transmission, or storage capacity, and compatibility with other standards. The three main formats that were in use until roughly 1980 apply picture rates of 50 or 60 Hz for interlaced video, and 24, 25, or 30 Hz for film material. Conversion between these formats was required for movie broadcast and international programme exchange With the arrival of videoconferencing, high-definition television (HDTV), workstations, and personal computers (PCs), many new video formats have appeared. As indicated in Figure 16.1, these include lowend formats such as common intermediate format (CIF) and quarter CIF (QCIF) with smaller picture size and lower picture rates, progressive and interlaced HDTV formats at 50 and 60 Hz, and other video formats used in multimedia PCs, while high-end television displays appeared on the market with high picture rates, 75–240 Hz, to prevent flicker on cathode ray tube (CRT)-displays [11], or to improve the motion portrayal on liquid crystal displays (LCDs) [18]. Despite many attempts to globally standardize video formats, the above observations suggest that video format conversion (VFC) is of a growing importance This chapter is organized as follows. In Section 16.1, we shall discuss motion estimation. Next, we will elaborate on de-interlacing in Section 16.2. Both motion estimation and de-interlacing are crucial parts in the more advanced picture-rate converters. Finally, picture-rate conversion methods are discussed in Section 16.3.
Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationVideo, Speech and Audio Signal Processing and Associated Standards.
EditorsV. Madisetti
Place of PublicationLondon
PublisherCRC Press
Pages16-1/43
ISBN (Print)978-1-4200456-3-5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2010

Publication series

NameThe Digital Signal Processing Handbook, 2nd Edition
Volume3

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