Towards predicting the satisfaction with indoor environmental quality in building performance simulation

Can computer simulations be used to predict occupant satisfaction and stimulate the design of energy-efficient, healthy buildings? This is the central question of this paper. In everyday practice, simulations are mostly used for building energy analysis and for limiting the occurrence of discomfort. There are, however, also opportunities for a more holistic prediction of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) with a focus on creating a positive experience for occupants. The aim of this position paper is to connect the field of building performance simulation (BPS) with IEQ research, by discussing the needs, recent advances and remaining challenges for prediction of overall occupant satisfaction. First, we highlight the importance of taking into account multiple performance criteria and physical domains. Based on a review of software tools, we then present a classification of their capabilities to simultaneously assess the various physical interactions. In the discussion that follows, we evaluate the merits and drawbacks of combined IEQ indices, and show how simulations can be used for predicting them. The paper concludes with an overview of research needs and possible directions for further development based on recent advances in the building performance simulation field.