Toward Scalable Content Generation for Gamified mHealth Interventions: The Evaluation of LLM-Generated Goals on User Engagement

Lorenzo J. James (Corresponding author), Laura Genga, Barbara Montagne, Muriel A. Hagenaars, Pieter M.E. Van Gorp

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Gamified mHealth applications are increasingly used to promote healthy behavior change, yet low participant engagement remains a challenge. Personalized content has shown promise in increasing engagement, however, creating personalized content is a time-consuming task. Generative Artificial Intelligence models, particularly Large Language Models, offer a potential solution with their ability to quickly generate relevant content. In this study, we aim to evaluate the impact of LLM-generated content on participant engagement in health interventions using gamified mHealth applications. A total of 73 students and staff members of a university participated in a health intervention and were assigned into groups receiving either LLM-generated goals or predetermined goals. Engagement and perceived intrinsic motivation were measured and compared between the two groups. The results show no significant difference in engagement or perceived intrinsic motivation between participants receiving LLM-generated goals and those receiving predetermined goals. LLM-generated goals did not significantly negatively impact participant engagement and could therefore possibly offer a time-efficient approach to scalable content generation for mHealth applications.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationEntertainment Computing – ICEC 2024 - 23rd IFIP TC 14 International Conference, ICEC 2024, Proceedings
EditorsPablo Figueroa, Angelo Di Iorio, Daniel Guzman del Rio, Luis Cuevas Rodriguez, Esteban Walter Gonzalez Clua
PublisherSpringer
Pages94-107
Number of pages14
ISBN (Electronic)978-3-031-74353-5
ISBN (Print)9783031743528
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2025
Event23rd IFIP TC 14 International Conference on Entertainment Computing, ICEC 2024 - Manaus, Brazil
Duration: 30 Sept 20243 Oct 2024

Publication series

NameLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume15192 LNCS
ISSN (Print)0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)1611-3349

Conference

Conference23rd IFIP TC 14 International Conference on Entertainment Computing, ICEC 2024
Country/TerritoryBrazil
CityManaus
Period30/09/243/10/24

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

Keywords

  • gamification
  • goal generation
  • goal setting
  • goals
  • health intervention
  • llm
  • mHealth
  • procedural content generation
  •  large language models

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