Thermally induced oxygen vacancies in BiOCl nanosheets and their impact on photoelectrochemical performance

Xiaofeng Wu; Freddy E. Oropeza; Daan den Boer; Peter Kleinschmidt; Thomas Hannappel; Dennis G.H. Hetterscheid; Emiel J.M. Hensen; J.P. Hofmann

doi:10.1002/cptc.202200192

Thermally induced oxygen vacancies in BiOCl nanosheets and their impact on photoelectrochemical performance

Xiaofeng Wu, Freddy E. Oropeza, Daan den Boer, Peter Kleinschmidt, Thomas Hannappel, Dennis G.H. Hetterscheid, Emiel J.M. Hensen, J.P. Hofmann (Corresponding author)

Inorganic Materials & Catalysis

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Abstract

Oxygen vacancies (OVs) have been reported to significantly alter the photocatalytic properties of BiOCl nanosheets. However, their formation mechanism and their role in the enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance remain unclear. In this work, thermally induced oxygen vacancies are introduced in BiOCl nanosheets by calcination at various temperatures and their formation mechanism is investigated by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared (DRIFTS) measurements. The influence of oxygen vacancies on band offset, carrier concentrations and photoelectrochemical performance are systematically studied. The results show that (1) the surface of BiOCl nanosheets is extremely sensitive to temperature and defects are formed at temperatures as low as 200 °C in inert atmosphere. (2) The formation of bulk oxygen vacancies in BiOCl is identified by XPS and EPR experiments. (3) The photocurrent of BiOCl is dominantly limited by the concentration of charge carriers and shallow defect states induced by bulk oxygen vacancies can effectively increase light absorption and carrier concentration leading to an enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance of BiOCl.

Original language	English
Article number	e202200192
Number of pages	9
Journal	ChemPhotoChem
Volume	7
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/cptc.202200192
Publication status	Published - Mar 2023

Keywords

BiOCl
oxygen vacancies
defect chemistry
photoelectrochemistry
in-situ DRIFTS
BiOCl, defect chemistry

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title = "Thermally induced oxygen vacancies in BiOCl nanosheets and their impact on photoelectrochemical performance",

abstract = "Oxygen vacancies (OVs) have been reported to significantly alter the photocatalytic properties of BiOCl nanosheets. However, their formation mechanism and their role in the enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance remain unclear. In this work, thermally induced oxygen vacancies are introduced in BiOCl nanosheets by calcination at various temperatures and their formation mechanism is investigated by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared (DRIFTS) measurements. The influence of oxygen vacancies on band offset, carrier concentrations and photoelectrochemical performance are systematically studied. The results show that (1) the surface of BiOCl nanosheets is extremely sensitive to temperature and defects are formed at temperatures as low as 200 °C in inert atmosphere. (2) The formation of bulk oxygen vacancies in BiOCl is identified by XPS and EPR experiments. (3) The photocurrent of BiOCl is dominantly limited by the concentration of charge carriers and shallow defect states induced by bulk oxygen vacancies can effectively increase light absorption and carrier concentration leading to an enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance of BiOCl. ",

keywords = "BiOCl, oxygen vacancies, defect chemistry, photoelectrochemistry, in-situ DRIFTS, BiOCl, defect chemistry",

author = "Xiaofeng Wu and Oropeza, {Freddy E.} and {den Boer}, Daan and Peter Kleinschmidt and Thomas Hannappel and Hetterscheid, {Dennis G.H.} and Hensen, {Emiel J.M.} and J.P. Hofmann",

year = "2023",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1002/cptc.202200192",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

journal = "ChemPhotoChem",

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AU - Wu, Xiaofeng

AU - Oropeza, Freddy E.

AU - den Boer, Daan

AU - Kleinschmidt, Peter

AU - Hannappel, Thomas

AU - Hetterscheid, Dennis G.H.

AU - Hensen, Emiel J.M.

AU - Hofmann, J.P.

PY - 2023/3

Y1 - 2023/3

N2 - Oxygen vacancies (OVs) have been reported to significantly alter the photocatalytic properties of BiOCl nanosheets. However, their formation mechanism and their role in the enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance remain unclear. In this work, thermally induced oxygen vacancies are introduced in BiOCl nanosheets by calcination at various temperatures and their formation mechanism is investigated by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared (DRIFTS) measurements. The influence of oxygen vacancies on band offset, carrier concentrations and photoelectrochemical performance are systematically studied. The results show that (1) the surface of BiOCl nanosheets is extremely sensitive to temperature and defects are formed at temperatures as low as 200 °C in inert atmosphere. (2) The formation of bulk oxygen vacancies in BiOCl is identified by XPS and EPR experiments. (3) The photocurrent of BiOCl is dominantly limited by the concentration of charge carriers and shallow defect states induced by bulk oxygen vacancies can effectively increase light absorption and carrier concentration leading to an enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance of BiOCl.

AB - Oxygen vacancies (OVs) have been reported to significantly alter the photocatalytic properties of BiOCl nanosheets. However, their formation mechanism and their role in the enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance remain unclear. In this work, thermally induced oxygen vacancies are introduced in BiOCl nanosheets by calcination at various temperatures and their formation mechanism is investigated by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared (DRIFTS) measurements. The influence of oxygen vacancies on band offset, carrier concentrations and photoelectrochemical performance are systematically studied. The results show that (1) the surface of BiOCl nanosheets is extremely sensitive to temperature and defects are formed at temperatures as low as 200 °C in inert atmosphere. (2) The formation of bulk oxygen vacancies in BiOCl is identified by XPS and EPR experiments. (3) The photocurrent of BiOCl is dominantly limited by the concentration of charge carriers and shallow defect states induced by bulk oxygen vacancies can effectively increase light absorption and carrier concentration leading to an enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance of BiOCl.

KW - BiOCl

KW - oxygen vacancies

KW - defect chemistry

KW - photoelectrochemistry

KW - in-situ DRIFTS

KW - BiOCl, defect chemistry

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JF - ChemPhotoChem

IS - 3

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ER -

Thermally induced oxygen vacancies in BiOCl nanosheets and their impact on photoelectrochemical performance

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