The investigation of the FM heavy forging process by the Moiré method. Part II: Consecutive reduction results

In part I of this work (preceding paper), single-reduction results on the FM forging process were reported. In the work reported in this paper, the cavity closing laws of the consecutive reduction process were investigated, the appropriate turn-over and feed procedure being obtained, along with the strain distribution of the consecutive reduction process, with and without anvil staggering, and the maximum relative deflection of the centre line after the carrying out of the forging process. The minimum forging ratio for the direct reduction process is discussed, which ratio is very helpful for the design of production processes