Techniques for discrimination-free predictive models

In this chapter, we give an overview of the techniques developed ourselves for constructing discrimination-free classifiers. In discrimination-free classification the goal is to learn a predictive model that classifies future data objects as accurately as possible, yet the predicted labels should be uncorrelated to a given sensitive attribute. For example, the task could be to learn a gender-neutral model that predicts whether a potential client of a bank has a high income or not. The techniques we developed for discrimination-aware classification can be divided into three categories: (1) removing the discrimination directly from the historical dataset before an off-the-shelf classification technique is applied; (2) changing the learning procedures themselves by restricting the search space to non-discriminatory models; and (3) adjusting the discriminatory models, learnt by off-the-shelf classifiers on discriminatory historical data, in a post-processing phase. Experiments show that even with such a strong constraint as discrimination-freeness, still very accurate models can be learnt. In particular,we study a case of income prediction,where the available historical data exhibits a wage gap between the genders. Due to legal restrictions, however, our predictions should be gender-neutral. The discrimination-aware techniques succeed in significantly reducing gender discrimination without impairing too much the accuracy.