TY - JOUR
T1 - Technical, Financial, and Environmental Feasibility Analysis of Photovoltaic EV Charging Stations with Energy Storage in China and the United States
AU - Sierra, Alonzo
AU - Gercek, Cihan
AU - Geurs, Karst
AU - Reinders, Angele
PY - 2020/11
Y1 - 2020/11
N2 - This study assesses the feasibility of photovoltaic (PV) charging stations with local battery storage for electric vehicles (EVs) located in the United States and China using a simulation model that estimates the system's energy balance, yearly energy costs, and cumulative CO2 emissions in different scenarios based on the system's PV energy share, assuming silicon PV modules, and 5 kWh of storage capacity. Results show that systems located in commercial or office parking lots and used for charging EVs during working hours can be a feasible solution in all locations from a technical, financial, and environmental perspective in comparison with not only gasoline-fueled vehicles but also with grid-only charging. PV shares of 50% and 75% are achievable in all locations with PV array sizes in the order of 1-1.5 kWp, whereas a 100% PV share is possible but might result in high system costs. Scenarios with PV charging and local storage show emissions reductions of 60%-93% in the USA and 28%-93% in China compared with a gasoline-fueled vehicle.
AB - This study assesses the feasibility of photovoltaic (PV) charging stations with local battery storage for electric vehicles (EVs) located in the United States and China using a simulation model that estimates the system's energy balance, yearly energy costs, and cumulative CO2 emissions in different scenarios based on the system's PV energy share, assuming silicon PV modules, and 5 kWh of storage capacity. Results show that systems located in commercial or office parking lots and used for charging EVs during working hours can be a feasible solution in all locations from a technical, financial, and environmental perspective in comparison with not only gasoline-fueled vehicles but also with grid-only charging. PV shares of 50% and 75% are achievable in all locations with PV array sizes in the order of 1-1.5 kWp, whereas a 100% PV share is possible but might result in high system costs. Scenarios with PV charging and local storage show emissions reductions of 60%-93% in the USA and 28%-93% in China compared with a gasoline-fueled vehicle.
KW - Battery energy storage
KW - CO2 emissions
KW - electric mobility
KW - photovoltaic (PV) systems
KW - simulation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85094814042&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2020.3019955
DO - 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2020.3019955
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85094814042
VL - 10
SP - 1892
EP - 1899
JO - IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
JF - IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
SN - 2156-3381
IS - 6
M1 - 9189831
ER -