Quantitative analysis and phase assemblage of basic oxygen furnace slag hydration

Winnie Franco Santos; Sieger van der Laan; Katrin Schollbach; H.J.H. Brouwers

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131029

Quantitative analysis and phase assemblage of basic oxygen furnace slag hydration

Winnie Franco Santos (Corresponding author)
, Sieger van der Laan
, Katrin Schollbach
, H.J.H. Brouwers

Building Materials

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

31 Citations (Scopus)

323 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag from steelmaking could be applied as a binder in building materials, reducing the CO2 footprint and solid waste, which is relevant for industrial waste management and circular economy. However, its use is mostly restricted because its hydraulic activity is poorly understood. The BOF slag was hydrated in this study, and its reaction products were systematically characterized using XRD, QXRD, and SEM/EDX-based phase mapping. Internal consistency checks of the data were performed between the analytical techniques. The results revealed that the composition of the amorphous hydration products could be identified and quantified, and the main hydration products were hydrogarnets and C-S-H gel. An extended milling process significantly improved the reactivity, and all the major slag phases, including wüstite, participated in the reaction. Brownmillerite formed hydrogarnets during the first 7 days of hydration. The new hydration products contributed to the immobilization of vanadium and chromium. Particle size played an important role in the amount of C2S reacting, the composition of the hydrogarnets and C-S-H gel, their proportions, and the immobilization capacity. Based on the findings, an overall hydration reaction was developed.

Original language	English
Article number	131029
Number of pages	17
Journal	Journal of Hazardous Materials
Volume	450
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131029
Publication status	Published - 15 May 2023

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from NWO (The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research) for funding this research (project no.10023338) and M2i (Materials Innovation Institute, project no. S81.6.15565) for managing this project. Furthermore, the authors wish to express their gratitude to Frank van der Does for the careful preparation and measurements of XRD samples at Tata Steel and to the following sponsors of this research: Tata Steel; ENCI; Hess AAC Systems; vd. Bosch Beton; Blue Phoenix Group. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from NWO (The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research) for funding this research (project no. 10023338 ) and M2i ( Materials Innovation Institute , project no. S81.6.15565 ) for managing this project. Furthermore, the authors wish to express their gratitude to Frank van der Does for the careful preparation and measurements of XRD samples at Tata Steel and to the following sponsors of this research: Tata Steel; ENCI; Hess AAC Systems; vd. Bosch Beton; Blue Phoenix Group.

Funders	Funder number
ENCI
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek	10023338
Materials Innovation Institute (M2i)

Keywords

Hydration reactions
In-depth characterization
Particle size effect
Quantification assessment
Steel slag

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131029

pdfFinal published version, 10.3 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Quantitative analysis and phase assemblage of basic oxygen furnace slag hydration",

abstract = "Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag from steelmaking could be applied as a binder in building materials, reducing the CO2 footprint and solid waste, which is relevant for industrial waste management and circular economy. However, its use is mostly restricted because its hydraulic activity is poorly understood. The BOF slag was hydrated in this study, and its reaction products were systematically characterized using XRD, QXRD, and SEM/EDX-based phase mapping. Internal consistency checks of the data were performed between the analytical techniques. The results revealed that the composition of the amorphous hydration products could be identified and quantified, and the main hydration products were hydrogarnets and C-S-H gel. An extended milling process significantly improved the reactivity, and all the major slag phases, including w{\"u}stite, participated in the reaction. Brownmillerite formed hydrogarnets during the first 7 days of hydration. The new hydration products contributed to the immobilization of vanadium and chromium. Particle size played an important role in the amount of C2S reacting, the composition of the hydrogarnets and C-S-H gel, their proportions, and the immobilization capacity. Based on the findings, an overall hydration reaction was developed.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131029",

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AU - Franco Santos, Winnie

AU - van der Laan, Sieger

AU - Schollbach, Katrin

AU - Brouwers, H.J.H.

PY - 2023/5/15

Y1 - 2023/5/15

N2 - Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag from steelmaking could be applied as a binder in building materials, reducing the CO2 footprint and solid waste, which is relevant for industrial waste management and circular economy. However, its use is mostly restricted because its hydraulic activity is poorly understood. The BOF slag was hydrated in this study, and its reaction products were systematically characterized using XRD, QXRD, and SEM/EDX-based phase mapping. Internal consistency checks of the data were performed between the analytical techniques. The results revealed that the composition of the amorphous hydration products could be identified and quantified, and the main hydration products were hydrogarnets and C-S-H gel. An extended milling process significantly improved the reactivity, and all the major slag phases, including wüstite, participated in the reaction. Brownmillerite formed hydrogarnets during the first 7 days of hydration. The new hydration products contributed to the immobilization of vanadium and chromium. Particle size played an important role in the amount of C2S reacting, the composition of the hydrogarnets and C-S-H gel, their proportions, and the immobilization capacity. Based on the findings, an overall hydration reaction was developed.

AB - Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag from steelmaking could be applied as a binder in building materials, reducing the CO2 footprint and solid waste, which is relevant for industrial waste management and circular economy. However, its use is mostly restricted because its hydraulic activity is poorly understood. The BOF slag was hydrated in this study, and its reaction products were systematically characterized using XRD, QXRD, and SEM/EDX-based phase mapping. Internal consistency checks of the data were performed between the analytical techniques. The results revealed that the composition of the amorphous hydration products could be identified and quantified, and the main hydration products were hydrogarnets and C-S-H gel. An extended milling process significantly improved the reactivity, and all the major slag phases, including wüstite, participated in the reaction. Brownmillerite formed hydrogarnets during the first 7 days of hydration. The new hydration products contributed to the immobilization of vanadium and chromium. Particle size played an important role in the amount of C2S reacting, the composition of the hydrogarnets and C-S-H gel, their proportions, and the immobilization capacity. Based on the findings, an overall hydration reaction was developed.

KW - Hydration reactions

KW - In-depth characterization

KW - Particle size effect

KW - Quantification assessment

KW - Steel slag

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Quantitative analysis and phase assemblage of basic oxygen furnace slag hydration

Abstract

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Keywords

UN SDGs

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Researchers from Eindhoven University of Technology Detail Findings in Chemicals and Chemistry (Quantitative Analysis and Phase Assemblage of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag Hydration)

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Quantitative analysis and phase assemblage of basic oxygen furnace slag hydration

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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Researchers from Eindhoven University of Technology Detail Findings in Chemicals and Chemistry (Quantitative Analysis and Phase Assemblage of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag Hydration)

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