Pyrene-Based Small-Molecular Hole Transport Layers for Efficient and Stable Narrow-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Paula Gómez; Junke Wang; Miriam Más-Montoya; Delia Bautista; Christ H.L. Weijtens; David Curiel; René A.J. Janssen

doi:10.1002/solr.202100454

Pyrene-Based Small-Molecular Hole Transport Layers for Efficient and Stable Narrow-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Paula Gómez
, Junke Wang
, Miriam Más-Montoya
, Delia Bautista
, Christ H.L. Weijtens
, David Curiel (Corresponding author)
, René A.J. Janssen (Corresponding author)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

28 Citations (Scopus)

208 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Lead–tin (Pb–Sn) hybrid perovskite materials possess ideal narrow bandgaps (1.2–1.4 eV) for efficient single-junction and tandem solar cells. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is commonly used as hole transport layer (HTL) for Pb–Sn perovskite solar cells (PSCs), despite its poor stability with these perovskites. Here, two new octacyclic heteroaromatic molecules, pyrenodiindole (PDI) and pyrenodi-(7-azaindole) (PDAI), are presented as the HTL for narrow-bandgap (1.23 eV) p–i–n Pb-Sn PSCs. The self-assembled reciprocal hydrogen-bonded solid-state structure of PDAI bestows robustness compared to PDI, making it less vulnerable in processing the perovskite film on top, and improves the reproducibility of device fabrication. Transient photocurrent measurements and light-intensity-dependent device characteristics indicate that PDI and PDAI possess similar hole extraction properties to PEDOT:PSS. As a result, similar open-circuit voltages and fill factors are obtained in the PSCs. Interestingly, the use of thin PDI and PDAI as HTL in PSCs changes the optical interference and reduces parasitic absorption in the near-infrared region, resulting in an improved short-circuit current density. Consequently, a higher power conversion efficiency of 16.1% is obtained for PDI and PDAI, compared to 15.1% for PEDOT:PSS. In addition, the self-assembled structure of PDAI led to a notable enhancement of device stability.

Original language	English
Article number	2100454
Number of pages	11
Journal	Solar RRL
Volume	5
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202100454
Publication status	Published - Oct 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
P.G. and J.W. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank Dr. Junyu Li for GIWAX measurements, Kunal Datta for XRD measurements, Bas van Gorkom for sub‐bandgap EQE experiments, Tom van der Pol for optical simulations, Riccardo Ollearo for transient photocurrent measurements, and Antonio García for DFT calculations. The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Project RTI2018‐101092‐B‐I00) and Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia (RED2018‐102815‐T). The authors are also grateful to Fundación Séneca–Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia for funding the Project 20959/PI/18 and M.M.‐M.'s postdoctoral contract from the “Saavedra Fajardo Program” (20406/SF/17). Further funding was received from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research via the NWO Spinoza grant and from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (Gravity program 024.001.035).

Funding

P.G. and J.W. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank Dr. Junyu Li for GIWAX measurements, Kunal Datta for XRD measurements, Bas van Gorkom for sub‐bandgap EQE experiments, Tom van der Pol for optical simulations, Riccardo Ollearo for transient photocurrent measurements, and Antonio García for DFT calculations. The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Project RTI2018‐101092‐B‐I00) and Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia (RED2018‐102815‐T). The authors are also grateful to Fundación Séneca–Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia for funding the Project 20959/PI/18 and M.M.‐M.'s postdoctoral contract from the “Saavedra Fajardo Program” (20406/SF/17). Further funding was received from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research via the NWO Spinoza grant and from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (Gravity program 024.001.035).

Funders	Funder number
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación	RTI2018‐101092‐B‐I00
Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap	024.001.035
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek

Keywords

hole transporting materials
hydrogen-bonded materials
Pb–Sn perovskite solar cells
self-assembly

Access to Document

10.1002/solr.202100454

published versionFinal published version, 1.91 MB

Cite this

@article{f4101257278446959806f1ba6db8c164,

title = "Pyrene-Based Small-Molecular Hole Transport Layers for Efficient and Stable Narrow-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells",

abstract = "Lead{\textendash}tin (Pb{\textendash}Sn) hybrid perovskite materials possess ideal narrow bandgaps (1.2{\textendash}1.4 eV) for efficient single-junction and tandem solar cells. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is commonly used as hole transport layer (HTL) for Pb{\textendash}Sn perovskite solar cells (PSCs), despite its poor stability with these perovskites. Here, two new octacyclic heteroaromatic molecules, pyrenodiindole (PDI) and pyrenodi-(7-azaindole) (PDAI), are presented as the HTL for narrow-bandgap (1.23 eV) p{\textendash}i{\textendash}n Pb-Sn PSCs. The self-assembled reciprocal hydrogen-bonded solid-state structure of PDAI bestows robustness compared to PDI, making it less vulnerable in processing the perovskite film on top, and improves the reproducibility of device fabrication. Transient photocurrent measurements and light-intensity-dependent device characteristics indicate that PDI and PDAI possess similar hole extraction properties to PEDOT:PSS. As a result, similar open-circuit voltages and fill factors are obtained in the PSCs. Interestingly, the use of thin PDI and PDAI as HTL in PSCs changes the optical interference and reduces parasitic absorption in the near-infrared region, resulting in an improved short-circuit current density. Consequently, a higher power conversion efficiency of 16.1\% is obtained for PDI and PDAI, compared to 15.1\% for PEDOT:PSS. In addition, the self-assembled structure of PDAI led to a notable enhancement of device stability.",

keywords = "hole transporting materials, hydrogen-bonded materials, Pb{\textendash}Sn perovskite solar cells, self-assembly",

author = "Paula G{\'o}mez and Junke Wang and Miriam M{\'a}s-Montoya and Delia Bautista and Weijtens, \{Christ H.L.\} and David Curiel and Janssen, \{Ren{\'e} A.J.\}",

note = "Funding Information: P.G. and J.W. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank Dr. Junyu Li for GIWAX measurements, Kunal Datta for XRD measurements, Bas van Gorkom for sub‐bandgap EQE experiments, Tom van der Pol for optical simulations, Riccardo Ollearo for transient photocurrent measurements, and Antonio Garc{\'i}a for DFT calculations. The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Project RTI2018‐101092‐B‐I00) and Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigaci{\'o}n Cient{\'i}fica y T{\'e}cnica de Excelencia (RED2018‐102815‐T). The authors are also grateful to Fundaci{\'o}n S{\'e}neca{\textendash}Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnolog{\'i}a de la Regi{\'o}n de Murcia for funding the Project 20959/PI/18 and M.M.‐M.'s postdoctoral contract from the {\textquotedblleft}Saavedra Fajardo Program{\textquotedblright} (20406/SF/17). Further funding was received from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research via the NWO Spinoza grant and from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (Gravity program 024.001.035). ",

year = "2021",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1002/solr.202100454",

language = "English",

volume = "5",

journal = "Solar RRL",

issn = "2367-198X",

publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",

number = "10",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Pyrene-Based Small-Molecular Hole Transport Layers for Efficient and Stable Narrow-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

AU - Gómez, Paula

AU - Wang, Junke

AU - Más-Montoya, Miriam

AU - Bautista, Delia

AU - Weijtens, Christ H.L.

AU - Curiel, David

AU - Janssen, René A.J.

N1 - Funding Information: P.G. and J.W. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank Dr. Junyu Li for GIWAX measurements, Kunal Datta for XRD measurements, Bas van Gorkom for sub‐bandgap EQE experiments, Tom van der Pol for optical simulations, Riccardo Ollearo for transient photocurrent measurements, and Antonio García for DFT calculations. The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Project RTI2018‐101092‐B‐I00) and Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia (RED2018‐102815‐T). The authors are also grateful to Fundación Séneca–Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia for funding the Project 20959/PI/18 and M.M.‐M.'s postdoctoral contract from the “Saavedra Fajardo Program” (20406/SF/17). Further funding was received from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research via the NWO Spinoza grant and from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (Gravity program 024.001.035).

PY - 2021/10

Y1 - 2021/10

N2 - Lead–tin (Pb–Sn) hybrid perovskite materials possess ideal narrow bandgaps (1.2–1.4 eV) for efficient single-junction and tandem solar cells. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is commonly used as hole transport layer (HTL) for Pb–Sn perovskite solar cells (PSCs), despite its poor stability with these perovskites. Here, two new octacyclic heteroaromatic molecules, pyrenodiindole (PDI) and pyrenodi-(7-azaindole) (PDAI), are presented as the HTL for narrow-bandgap (1.23 eV) p–i–n Pb-Sn PSCs. The self-assembled reciprocal hydrogen-bonded solid-state structure of PDAI bestows robustness compared to PDI, making it less vulnerable in processing the perovskite film on top, and improves the reproducibility of device fabrication. Transient photocurrent measurements and light-intensity-dependent device characteristics indicate that PDI and PDAI possess similar hole extraction properties to PEDOT:PSS. As a result, similar open-circuit voltages and fill factors are obtained in the PSCs. Interestingly, the use of thin PDI and PDAI as HTL in PSCs changes the optical interference and reduces parasitic absorption in the near-infrared region, resulting in an improved short-circuit current density. Consequently, a higher power conversion efficiency of 16.1% is obtained for PDI and PDAI, compared to 15.1% for PEDOT:PSS. In addition, the self-assembled structure of PDAI led to a notable enhancement of device stability.

AB - Lead–tin (Pb–Sn) hybrid perovskite materials possess ideal narrow bandgaps (1.2–1.4 eV) for efficient single-junction and tandem solar cells. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is commonly used as hole transport layer (HTL) for Pb–Sn perovskite solar cells (PSCs), despite its poor stability with these perovskites. Here, two new octacyclic heteroaromatic molecules, pyrenodiindole (PDI) and pyrenodi-(7-azaindole) (PDAI), are presented as the HTL for narrow-bandgap (1.23 eV) p–i–n Pb-Sn PSCs. The self-assembled reciprocal hydrogen-bonded solid-state structure of PDAI bestows robustness compared to PDI, making it less vulnerable in processing the perovskite film on top, and improves the reproducibility of device fabrication. Transient photocurrent measurements and light-intensity-dependent device characteristics indicate that PDI and PDAI possess similar hole extraction properties to PEDOT:PSS. As a result, similar open-circuit voltages and fill factors are obtained in the PSCs. Interestingly, the use of thin PDI and PDAI as HTL in PSCs changes the optical interference and reduces parasitic absorption in the near-infrared region, resulting in an improved short-circuit current density. Consequently, a higher power conversion efficiency of 16.1% is obtained for PDI and PDAI, compared to 15.1% for PEDOT:PSS. In addition, the self-assembled structure of PDAI led to a notable enhancement of device stability.

KW - hole transporting materials

KW - hydrogen-bonded materials

KW - Pb–Sn perovskite solar cells

KW - self-assembly

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85114364348

U2 - 10.1002/solr.202100454

DO - 10.1002/solr.202100454

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85114364348

SN - 2367-198X

VL - 5

JO - Solar RRL

JF - Solar RRL

IS - 10

M1 - 2100454

ER -

Pyrene-Based Small-Molecular Hole Transport Layers for Efficient and Stable Narrow-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this