Optimization of Residential Buildings’ Electricity Management System Considering Economic and Environmental Benefits in the Hourly Dynamic Energy Price Market: A Case Study in the Netherlands

There is an increasing need to support households’ electricity management in the dynamic electricity price market, which assists the plan of saving energy, cost, and carbon emission at the household level. A case study of a typical Dutch house that has installed photovoltaic panels (PVs) and a battery energy storage system in Eindhoven is used in this paper. Hourly electricity generation and demand data were collected via smart meters for a week. This study proposes an optimization model which gives the operation solution on electricity management at the hourly interval, such as the best battery charging and discharging period considering dynamic hourly energy price. The proposed approach in this study can be considered a feasible strategy for households to reach the requirement of positive energy building (PEB) or net-zero energy building (NZEB). Moreover, it shows one of the many possibilities for the utilization of renewable electricity to confront a future-proof smart energy system at the green residential building level.