Optimal dynamic induction and yaw control of wind farms: effects of turbine spacing and layout

Turbine wake interactions in wind farms result in decreased power extraction in downstream rows. This work investigates dynamic induction and yaw control of wind farms for increased total power extraction. Six different wind farm layouts are considered, and the relative benefits of induction control, yaw control, and combined induction–yaw control are compared. It is found that optimal control significantly increases wind-farm efficiency for virtually all cases, and that the most profitable control strategy between yaw and induction control depends on the effective farm layout as seen by the flow, and hence the mean wind direction.