Multistage electrodialysis for desalination of natural seawater

Gijs Doornbusch; Marrit van der Wal; Michele Tedesco; Jan Post; Kitty Nijmeijer; Zandrie Borneman

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2021.114973

Multistage electrodialysis for desalination of natural seawater

Gijs Doornbusch
, Marrit van der Wal
, Michele Tedesco
, Jan Post
, Kitty Nijmeijer (Corresponding author)
, Zandrie Borneman

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

145 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Electrodialysis (ED) is receiving increasing attention as promising technology for seawater desalination. However, most of the ED investigations are typically performed using artificial NaCl solutions, while the effect of multivalent ions (such as Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺) on membrane scaling and resistance has been so far overlooked. In this work, we investigate the influence of multivalent ions in seawater on the desalination performance of multistage ED. In particular, natural seawater was used as feed solution, and two different strategies were compared, i.e. by using conventional cation exchange membranes (CEMs), as well as CEMs with preferential removal of multivalent ions. For both CEMs, we found that the removal of calcium and magnesium was higher compared to that of sodium and no effect due to operation at low current density was observed. More magnesium was removed with the multivalent ion permeable CEM. Starting from ~27 g/l (i.e. inlet concentration of the natural seawater source), the upscaled multistage ED system produced a continuous diluate concentration of 1.9 g/l. The system performance was stable over 18 days, with an average energy consumption of 3 kWh/m³, demonstrating the potential of multistage ED seawater desalination.

Original language	English
Article number	114973
Number of pages	11
Journal	Desalination
Volume	505
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2021.114973
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2021

Funding

This work was performed in the cooperation framework of Wetsus, European Centre of excellence for sustainable water technology in the desalination theme ( www.wetsus.nl ), within the REvivED project (Low energy solutions for drinking water production by a Revival of ElectroDialysis system), funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program under Grant Agreement no. 685579 ( www.revivedwater.eu ).

Funders	Funder number
European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme	685579

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Electrodialysis
Energy consumption
Multistage
Multivalent ions
Natural seawater

Access to Document

10.1016/j.desal.2021.114973

Cite this

@article{3bd9251a5f9f4248995f311ccc0765d8,

title = "Multistage electrodialysis for desalination of natural seawater",

abstract = "Electrodialysis (ED) is receiving increasing attention as promising technology for seawater desalination. However, most of the ED investigations are typically performed using artificial NaCl solutions, while the effect of multivalent ions (such as Mg2+ and Ca2+) on membrane scaling and resistance has been so far overlooked. In this work, we investigate the influence of multivalent ions in seawater on the desalination performance of multistage ED. In particular, natural seawater was used as feed solution, and two different strategies were compared, i.e. by using conventional cation exchange membranes (CEMs), as well as CEMs with preferential removal of multivalent ions. For both CEMs, we found that the removal of calcium and magnesium was higher compared to that of sodium and no effect due to operation at low current density was observed. More magnesium was removed with the multivalent ion permeable CEM. Starting from \textasciitilde{}27 g/l (i.e. inlet concentration of the natural seawater source), the upscaled multistage ED system produced a continuous diluate concentration of 1.9 g/l. The system performance was stable over 18 days, with an average energy consumption of 3 kWh/m3, demonstrating the potential of multistage ED seawater desalination.",

keywords = "Electrodialysis, Energy consumption, Multistage, Multivalent ions, Natural seawater",

author = "Gijs Doornbusch and \{van der Wal\}, Marrit and Michele Tedesco and Jan Post and Kitty Nijmeijer and Zandrie Borneman",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.desal.2021.114973",

language = "English",

volume = "505",

journal = "Desalination",

issn = "0011-9164",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Multistage electrodialysis for desalination of natural seawater

AU - Doornbusch, Gijs

AU - van der Wal, Marrit

AU - Tedesco, Michele

AU - Post, Jan

AU - Nijmeijer, Kitty

AU - Borneman, Zandrie

PY - 2021/6/1

Y1 - 2021/6/1

N2 - Electrodialysis (ED) is receiving increasing attention as promising technology for seawater desalination. However, most of the ED investigations are typically performed using artificial NaCl solutions, while the effect of multivalent ions (such as Mg2+ and Ca2+) on membrane scaling and resistance has been so far overlooked. In this work, we investigate the influence of multivalent ions in seawater on the desalination performance of multistage ED. In particular, natural seawater was used as feed solution, and two different strategies were compared, i.e. by using conventional cation exchange membranes (CEMs), as well as CEMs with preferential removal of multivalent ions. For both CEMs, we found that the removal of calcium and magnesium was higher compared to that of sodium and no effect due to operation at low current density was observed. More magnesium was removed with the multivalent ion permeable CEM. Starting from ~27 g/l (i.e. inlet concentration of the natural seawater source), the upscaled multistage ED system produced a continuous diluate concentration of 1.9 g/l. The system performance was stable over 18 days, with an average energy consumption of 3 kWh/m3, demonstrating the potential of multistage ED seawater desalination.

AB - Electrodialysis (ED) is receiving increasing attention as promising technology for seawater desalination. However, most of the ED investigations are typically performed using artificial NaCl solutions, while the effect of multivalent ions (such as Mg2+ and Ca2+) on membrane scaling and resistance has been so far overlooked. In this work, we investigate the influence of multivalent ions in seawater on the desalination performance of multistage ED. In particular, natural seawater was used as feed solution, and two different strategies were compared, i.e. by using conventional cation exchange membranes (CEMs), as well as CEMs with preferential removal of multivalent ions. For both CEMs, we found that the removal of calcium and magnesium was higher compared to that of sodium and no effect due to operation at low current density was observed. More magnesium was removed with the multivalent ion permeable CEM. Starting from ~27 g/l (i.e. inlet concentration of the natural seawater source), the upscaled multistage ED system produced a continuous diluate concentration of 1.9 g/l. The system performance was stable over 18 days, with an average energy consumption of 3 kWh/m3, demonstrating the potential of multistage ED seawater desalination.

KW - Electrodialysis

KW - Energy consumption

KW - Multistage

KW - Multivalent ions

KW - Natural seawater

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85100464531

U2 - 10.1016/j.desal.2021.114973

DO - 10.1016/j.desal.2021.114973

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85100464531

SN - 0011-9164

VL - 505

JO - Desalination

JF - Desalination

M1 - 114973

ER -

Multistage electrodialysis for desalination of natural seawater

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this