Measurement of friction during the metalforming process

With the development of numerical simulation of forming processes, there is an increasing need to develop a more suitable friction description for use in the numerical simulation codes. In this paper, a plane-strain compression tribometer is described which can measure vertical force, friction force, and vertical displacement simultaneously and accurately. Three different friction models are evaluated with the experimental results. A modified friction model is proposed and some directions are given for future research on friction in metalforming processes.