Inter-firm R&D partnering in pharmaceutical biotechnology since 1975 : trends, patterns, and networks

A.H.W.M. Roijakkers, J. Hagedoorn

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

199 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This paper analyses a large, longitudinal database on inter-firm R&D partnerships formed in the high-tech pharmaceutical biotechnology industry since 1975. Our research indicates an overall growth in the number of annually, newly established R&D partnerships where research partners consistently prefer contractual partnerships to equity-based alliances. In the networks that develop through these R&D partnerships, small, entrepreneurial biotechnological companies take a leading role during the 1980s when biotechnology first became relevant for the pharmaceutical industry. The 1990s, however, show a different pattern with established, large pharmaceutical companies becoming more dominant, acting as nodal players with multiple partnerships with a variety of other companies.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)431-446
JournalResearch Policy
Volume35
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2006

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