Abstract
Confronted with limited driving range and insufficient charging infrastructure, logistics companies owning electric vehicles (EVs) have to conduct comprehensive route planning. Meanwhile, in open-transaction electricity markets, diversified charging pricing schemes increase the complexity of cost-effective business and operational decisions. To this end, an extended EV routing model embedded with price-responsive charging decisions is proposed with three variants considering the contract, spot, and time-of-use (TOU) schemes. The price signals of the heterogeneous pricing schemes have different degrees of granularity. Furthermore, a thorough experimental study enabled by regional-level logistics instances and real-world electricity prices is conducted. The results demonstrate the cost-saving potential of the TOU and spot schemes. Additionally, the shifting of charging demands to low-priced periods is found in the spot and TOU schemes, thus enhancing the environmental benefits of charging events. These results provide insights into cost-effective logistics EV fleet operations, as well as policy making for logistics-related charging pricing.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 103333 |
| Number of pages | 22 |
| Journal | Transportation Research. Part D: Transport and Environment |
| Volume | 109 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Aug 2022 |
Funding
This work was supported by Chinese Academy of Engineering [grant number 2020-XZ-15 ]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 72004132 ]. We are appreciative of their support. The authors also thank the associate editor and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions and comments.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| National Natural Science Foundation of China | 72004132 |
| Chinese Academy of Engineering | 2020-XZ-15 |
Keywords
- Charging pricing scheme
- Electric vehicle routing
- Electricity market
- Optimal charging decision