Hybrid Fourier pseudospectral/discontinuous Galerkin time-domain method for urban sound propagation in a moving atmosphere

The Fourier Pseudospectral time-domain (Fourier PSTD) method and the nodal Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method are both able to effectively solve the Linearized Euler Equations (LEE). The two approaches however suffer from limitations in the context of outdoor sound propagation, as Fourier PSTD has difficulties modeling complex boundaries (buildings, topography, frequency-dependent boundary properties) while the computational cost associated with DG can quickly become prohibitive for large-scale simulations. Previous studies have shown that the two methods can be coupled with the use of a buffer zone enabling data exchange between the solvers, to take advantage of the eometrical flexibility of DG close to the boundaries and of the cost-efficiency of Fourier PSTD in the bulk of the domain. The current work extends the hybrid methodology to take into account the full wind velocity vector, as opposed to the effective sound speed approximation.