Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging: Design and testing

Mihai State; Andrea Grandoni; Lorenzo Spicci; Peter van de Kerkhof; Peter J. Brands; Frans N. Van De Vosse

doi:10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441865

Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging: Design and testing

Mihai State, Andrea Grandoni, Lorenzo Spicci, Peter van de Kerkhof, Peter J. Brands, Frans N. Van De Vosse

Cardiovascular Biomechanics

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Due to their higher transmit efficiency and better received SNR compared to single layer technology, multilayer transducers with uniform layers (MLU) are currently in research and use. Altering the intrinsic geometrical or material homogeneity (i.e. different thicknesses of the constitutive layers, piezoceramic/piezocomposite or piezoceramic/piezopolymer stacks) will increase the available degrees of freedom in transducer design. The paper presents parametric modeling and experimental results related to the development of a CTS 3203HD based fine pitch 2.5 MHz multilayered phased array with non-uniform thickness of the constitutive layers (MLNU). As reference transducers, a uniform multilayered phased array developed in parallel [1] and a customly produced single layer phased array (SLPA) were used. Based on pulser-receiver pulsed excitation measurements, MLNU prototypes exhibited a 12% and 15 % higher transmit and receive respectively bandwidth at -6dB (BW_-6dB) at centre frequency (f_c) compared to MLU. In receiving, the second harmonic level was ∼ 15 dB down with respect to the f_c. Considerable surface heating was measured in the case of MLNU. Using resistors placed in parallel with the active elements decreased MLNU equilibrium temperature by 47% while transmit and receive relative sensitivities improved by 38% and 22% respectively. Due to its lower input impedance, MLNU required low inductance series tuning components. As a result, for a similar round-trip sensitivity MLNU exhibited a 2 times higher BW_-6dB compared to SLPA.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium and Short Courses, IUS 2009
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Pages	2730-2733
Number of pages	4
ISBN (Print)	9781424443895
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441865
Publication status	Published - 2009
Event	2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2009 - Rome, Italy Duration: 20 Sept 2009 → 23 Sept 2009

Conference

Conference	2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2009
Country/Territory	Italy
City	Rome
Period	20/09/09 → 23/09/09

Keywords

Harmonic imaging
Nonuniform multilayer
Parametric modeling
Self-heating

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10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441865

Cite this

State, M., Grandoni, A., Spicci, L., van de Kerkhof, P., Brands, P. J., & Van De Vosse, F. N. (2009). Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging: Design and testing. In 2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium and Short Courses, IUS 2009 (pp. 2730-2733). Article 5441865 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441865

@inproceedings{74e288f169bb425fa649af55b86408f4,

title = "Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging: Design and testing",

abstract = "Due to their higher transmit efficiency and better received SNR compared to single layer technology, multilayer transducers with uniform layers (MLU) are currently in research and use. Altering the intrinsic geometrical or material homogeneity (i.e. different thicknesses of the constitutive layers, piezoceramic/piezocomposite or piezoceramic/piezopolymer stacks) will increase the available degrees of freedom in transducer design. The paper presents parametric modeling and experimental results related to the development of a CTS 3203HD based fine pitch 2.5 MHz multilayered phased array with non-uniform thickness of the constitutive layers (MLNU). As reference transducers, a uniform multilayered phased array developed in parallel [1] and a customly produced single layer phased array (SLPA) were used. Based on pulser-receiver pulsed excitation measurements, MLNU prototypes exhibited a 12% and 15 % higher transmit and receive respectively bandwidth at -6dB (BW-6dB) at centre frequency (fc) compared to MLU. In receiving, the second harmonic level was ∼ 15 dB down with respect to the fc. Considerable surface heating was measured in the case of MLNU. Using resistors placed in parallel with the active elements decreased MLNU equilibrium temperature by 47% while transmit and receive relative sensitivities improved by 38% and 22% respectively. Due to its lower input impedance, MLNU required low inductance series tuning components. As a result, for a similar round-trip sensitivity MLNU exhibited a 2 times higher BW-6dB compared to SLPA.",

keywords = "Harmonic imaging, Nonuniform multilayer, Parametric modeling, Self-heating",

author = "Mihai State and Andrea Grandoni and Lorenzo Spicci and {van de Kerkhof}, Peter and Brands, {Peter J.} and {Van De Vosse}, {Frans N.}",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441865",

language = "English",

isbn = "9781424443895",

pages = "2730--2733",

booktitle = "2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium and Short Courses, IUS 2009",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers",

address = "United States",

note = "2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2009 ; Conference date: 20-09-2009 Through 23-09-2009",

}

State, M, Grandoni, A, Spicci, L, van de Kerkhof, P, Brands, PJ & Van De Vosse, FN 2009, Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging: Design and testing. in 2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium and Short Courses, IUS 2009., 5441865, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, pp. 2730-2733, 2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2009, Rome, Italy, 20/09/09. https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441865

Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging: Design and testing. / State, Mihai; Grandoni, Andrea; Spicci, Lorenzo et al.
2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium and Short Courses, IUS 2009. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009. p. 2730-2733 5441865.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Academic › peer-review

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T1 - Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging

T2 - 2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2009

AU - State, Mihai

AU - Grandoni, Andrea

AU - Spicci, Lorenzo

AU - van de Kerkhof, Peter

AU - Brands, Peter J.

AU - Van De Vosse, Frans N.

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - Due to their higher transmit efficiency and better received SNR compared to single layer technology, multilayer transducers with uniform layers (MLU) are currently in research and use. Altering the intrinsic geometrical or material homogeneity (i.e. different thicknesses of the constitutive layers, piezoceramic/piezocomposite or piezoceramic/piezopolymer stacks) will increase the available degrees of freedom in transducer design. The paper presents parametric modeling and experimental results related to the development of a CTS 3203HD based fine pitch 2.5 MHz multilayered phased array with non-uniform thickness of the constitutive layers (MLNU). As reference transducers, a uniform multilayered phased array developed in parallel [1] and a customly produced single layer phased array (SLPA) were used. Based on pulser-receiver pulsed excitation measurements, MLNU prototypes exhibited a 12% and 15 % higher transmit and receive respectively bandwidth at -6dB (BW-6dB) at centre frequency (fc) compared to MLU. In receiving, the second harmonic level was ∼ 15 dB down with respect to the fc. Considerable surface heating was measured in the case of MLNU. Using resistors placed in parallel with the active elements decreased MLNU equilibrium temperature by 47% while transmit and receive relative sensitivities improved by 38% and 22% respectively. Due to its lower input impedance, MLNU required low inductance series tuning components. As a result, for a similar round-trip sensitivity MLNU exhibited a 2 times higher BW-6dB compared to SLPA.

AB - Due to their higher transmit efficiency and better received SNR compared to single layer technology, multilayer transducers with uniform layers (MLU) are currently in research and use. Altering the intrinsic geometrical or material homogeneity (i.e. different thicknesses of the constitutive layers, piezoceramic/piezocomposite or piezoceramic/piezopolymer stacks) will increase the available degrees of freedom in transducer design. The paper presents parametric modeling and experimental results related to the development of a CTS 3203HD based fine pitch 2.5 MHz multilayered phased array with non-uniform thickness of the constitutive layers (MLNU). As reference transducers, a uniform multilayered phased array developed in parallel [1] and a customly produced single layer phased array (SLPA) were used. Based on pulser-receiver pulsed excitation measurements, MLNU prototypes exhibited a 12% and 15 % higher transmit and receive respectively bandwidth at -6dB (BW-6dB) at centre frequency (fc) compared to MLU. In receiving, the second harmonic level was ∼ 15 dB down with respect to the fc. Considerable surface heating was measured in the case of MLNU. Using resistors placed in parallel with the active elements decreased MLNU equilibrium temperature by 47% while transmit and receive relative sensitivities improved by 38% and 22% respectively. Due to its lower input impedance, MLNU required low inductance series tuning components. As a result, for a similar round-trip sensitivity MLNU exhibited a 2 times higher BW-6dB compared to SLPA.

KW - Harmonic imaging

KW - Nonuniform multilayer

KW - Parametric modeling

KW - Self-heating

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State M, Grandoni A, Spicci L, van de Kerkhof P, Brands PJ, Van De Vosse FN. Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging: Design and testing. In 2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium and Short Courses, IUS 2009. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. 2009. p. 2730-2733. 5441865 doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441865

Fine pitch non-uniform multilayered linear ultrasound phased arrays for medical imaging: Design and testing

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