Enhancement-mode PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors using molecular de-doping

Scott T. Keene; Tom P.A. van der Pol; Dante Zakhidov; Christ H.L. Weijtens; René A.J. Janssen; Alberto Salleo; Yoeri van de Burgt

doi:10.1002/adma.202000270

Enhancement-mode PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors using molecular de-doping

Scott T. Keene, Tom P.A. van der Pol, Dante Zakhidov, Christ H.L. Weijtens, René A.J. Janssen, Alberto Salleo (Corresponding author), Yoeri van de Burgt (Corresponding author)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) show great promise for flexible, low-cost, and low-voltage sensors for aqueous solutions. The majority of OECT devices are made using the polymer blend poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), in which PEDOT is intrinsically doped due to inclusion of PSS. Because of this intrinsic doping, PEDOT:PSS OECTs generally operate in depletion mode, which results in a higher power consumption and limits stability. Here, a straightforward method to de-dope PEDOT:PSS using commercially available amine-based molecular de-dopants to achieve stable enhancement-mode OECTs is presented. The enhancement-mode OECTs show mobilities near that of pristine PEDOT:PSS (≈2 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹) with stable operation over 1000 on/off cycles. The electron and proton exchange among PEDOT, PSS, and the molecular de-dopants are characterized to reveal the underlying chemical mechanism of the threshold voltage shift to negative voltages. Finally, the effect of the de-doping on the microstructure of the spin-cast PEDOT:PSS films is investigated.

Original language	English
Article number	2000270
Number of pages	8
Journal	Advanced Materials
Volume	32
Issue number	19
Early online date	23 Mar 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202000270
Publication status	Published - May 2020

Keywords

aliphatic amines
bioelectronics
enhancement-mode transistor
molecular doping
organic electrochemical transistor
poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate

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10.1002/adma.202000270

adma.202000270-3Final published version, 1.01 MBLicence: CC BY

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@article{8f97f0ecbb0e4ff0a26d9ef884633d1b,

title = "Enhancement-mode PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors using molecular de-doping",

abstract = "Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) show great promise for flexible, low-cost, and low-voltage sensors for aqueous solutions. The majority of OECT devices are made using the polymer blend poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), in which PEDOT is intrinsically doped due to inclusion of PSS. Because of this intrinsic doping, PEDOT:PSS OECTs generally operate in depletion mode, which results in a higher power consumption and limits stability. Here, a straightforward method to de-dope PEDOT:PSS using commercially available amine-based molecular de-dopants to achieve stable enhancement-mode OECTs is presented. The enhancement-mode OECTs show mobilities near that of pristine PEDOT:PSS (≈2 cm2 V−1 s−1) with stable operation over 1000 on/off cycles. The electron and proton exchange among PEDOT, PSS, and the molecular de-dopants are characterized to reveal the underlying chemical mechanism of the threshold voltage shift to negative voltages. Finally, the effect of the de-doping on the microstructure of the spin-cast PEDOT:PSS films is investigated.",

keywords = "aliphatic amines, bioelectronics, enhancement-mode transistor, molecular doping, organic electrochemical transistor, poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate",

author = "Keene, {Scott T.} and {van der Pol}, {Tom P.A.} and Dante Zakhidov and Weijtens, {Christ H.L.} and Janssen, {Ren{\'e} A.J.} and Alberto Salleo and {van de Burgt}, Yoeri",

year = "2020",

month = may,

doi = "10.1002/adma.202000270",

language = "English",

volume = "32",

journal = "Advanced Materials",

issn = "0935-9648",

publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",

number = "19",

}

Enhancement-mode PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors using molecular de-doping. / Keene, Scott T.; van der Pol, Tom P.A.; Zakhidov, Dante; Weijtens, Christ H.L.; Janssen, René A.J.; Salleo, Alberto (Corresponding author); van de Burgt, Yoeri (Corresponding author).

In: Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, No. 19, 2000270, 05.2020.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Enhancement-mode PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors using molecular de-doping

AU - Keene, Scott T.

AU - van der Pol, Tom P.A.

AU - Zakhidov, Dante

AU - Weijtens, Christ H.L.

AU - Janssen, René A.J.

AU - Salleo, Alberto

AU - van de Burgt, Yoeri

PY - 2020/5

Y1 - 2020/5

N2 - Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) show great promise for flexible, low-cost, and low-voltage sensors for aqueous solutions. The majority of OECT devices are made using the polymer blend poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), in which PEDOT is intrinsically doped due to inclusion of PSS. Because of this intrinsic doping, PEDOT:PSS OECTs generally operate in depletion mode, which results in a higher power consumption and limits stability. Here, a straightforward method to de-dope PEDOT:PSS using commercially available amine-based molecular de-dopants to achieve stable enhancement-mode OECTs is presented. The enhancement-mode OECTs show mobilities near that of pristine PEDOT:PSS (≈2 cm2 V−1 s−1) with stable operation over 1000 on/off cycles. The electron and proton exchange among PEDOT, PSS, and the molecular de-dopants are characterized to reveal the underlying chemical mechanism of the threshold voltage shift to negative voltages. Finally, the effect of the de-doping on the microstructure of the spin-cast PEDOT:PSS films is investigated.

AB - Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) show great promise for flexible, low-cost, and low-voltage sensors for aqueous solutions. The majority of OECT devices are made using the polymer blend poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), in which PEDOT is intrinsically doped due to inclusion of PSS. Because of this intrinsic doping, PEDOT:PSS OECTs generally operate in depletion mode, which results in a higher power consumption and limits stability. Here, a straightforward method to de-dope PEDOT:PSS using commercially available amine-based molecular de-dopants to achieve stable enhancement-mode OECTs is presented. The enhancement-mode OECTs show mobilities near that of pristine PEDOT:PSS (≈2 cm2 V−1 s−1) with stable operation over 1000 on/off cycles. The electron and proton exchange among PEDOT, PSS, and the molecular de-dopants are characterized to reveal the underlying chemical mechanism of the threshold voltage shift to negative voltages. Finally, the effect of the de-doping on the microstructure of the spin-cast PEDOT:PSS films is investigated.

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KW - enhancement-mode transistor

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