Abstract
As iron powder nowadays attracts research attention as a carbon-free, circular energy carrier, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can be used to better understand the mechanisms of liquid iron oxidation at elevated temperatures. However, prudence must be practiced in the selection of a reactive force field. This work investigates the influence of currently available reactive force fields (ReaxFFs) on a number of properties of the liquid iron-oxygen (Fe-O) system derived (or resulting) from MD simulations. Liquid Fe-O systems are considered over a range of oxidation degrees Z O, which represents the molar ratio of O/(O + Fe), with 0 < Z O < 0.6 and at a constant temperature of 2000 K, which is representative of the combustion temperature of micrometric iron particles burning in air. The investigated properties include the minimum energy path, system structure, (im)miscibility, transport properties, and the mass and thermal accommodation coefficients. The properties are compared to experimental values and thermodynamic calculation results if available. Results show that there are significant differences in the properties obtained with MD using the various ReaxFF parameter sets. Based on the available experimental data and equilibrium calculation results, an improved ReaxFF is required to better capture the properties of a liquid Fe-O system.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 10339-10355 |
Number of pages | 17 |
Journal | Journal of Physical Chemistry A |
Volume | 127 |
Issue number | 48 |
Early online date | 20 Nov 2023 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 7 Dec 2023 |
Funding
This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 884916 and Opzuid (Stimulus/European Regional Development Fund) grant agreement no. PROJ-02594.
Funders | Funder number |
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European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme | 884916 |
H2020 European Research Council | |
Scientific Employment Stimulus | |
European Regional Development Fund |