Domestic Use of E-Cargo Bikes and Other E-Micromobility: Protocol for a Multi-Centre, Mixed Methods Study

Physical inactivity is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Climate change is now regarded as the biggest threat to global public health. Electric micromobility (e-micromobility, including e-bikes, e-cargo bikes, and e-scooters) has the potential to simultaneously increase people’s overall physical activity while decreasing greenhouse gas emissions where it substitutes for motorised transport. The ELEVATE study aims to understand the impacts of e-micromobility, including identifying the people, places, and circumstances where they will be most beneficial in terms of improving people’s health while also reducing mobility-related energy demand and carbon emissions. A complex mixed methods design collected detailed quantitative and qualitative data from multiple UK cities. First, nationally representative (n = 2000), city-wide (n = 400 for each of the three cities; total = 1200), and targeted study area surveys (n = 996) collected data on travel behaviour, levels of physical activity, vehicle ownership, and use, as well as attitudes towards e-micromobility. Then, to provide insights on an understudied type of e-micromobility, 49 households were recruited to take part in e-cargo bike one-month trials. Self-reported data from the participants were validated with objective data-using methods such as GPS trackers and smartwatches’ recordings of routes and activities. CO₂ impacts of e-micromobility use were also calculated. Participant interviews provided detailed information on preferences, expectations, experiences, barriers, and enablers of e-micromobility.