TY - JOUR
T1 - Development and experimental validation of a real-time capable field programmable gate array–based gas exchange model for negative valve overlap
AU - Gordon, David
AU - Wouters, Christian
AU - Wick, Maximilian
AU - Xia, Feihong
AU - Lehrheuer, Bastian
AU - Andert, Jakob
AU - Koch, Charles R.
AU - Pischinger, Stefan
PY - 2020/3/1
Y1 - 2020/3/1
N2 - Homogeneous charge compression ignition has the potential to significantly reduce NO x emissions, while maintaining a high fuel efficiency. Homogeneous charge compression ignition is characterized by compression-induced autoignition of a lean homogeneous air–fuel mixture. Combustion timing is highly dependent on the in-cylinder state including pressure, temperature and trapped mass. To control homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion, it is necessary to have an accurate representation of the gas exchange process. Currently, microprocessor-based engine control units require that the gas exchange process is linearized around a desired operating point to simplify the model for real-time implementation. This reduces the models’ ability to handle disturbances and limits the flexibility of the model. However, using a field programmable gate array, a detailed simulation of the physical gas exchange process can be implemented in real time. This paper outlines the process of converting physical governing equations to an offline zero-dimensional gas exchange model. The process used to convert this model to a field programmable gate array capable model is described. This model is experimentally validated using a single cylinder research engine with electromagnetic valves to record real-time field programmable gate array gas exchange results and comparing to the offline zero-dimensional physical model. The field programmable gate array model is able to accurately calculate the cylinder temperature and cylinder mass at 0.1 °CA intervals during the gas exchange process for a range of negative valve overlaps, boost conditions and engine speeds making the model useful for future real-time control applications.
AB - Homogeneous charge compression ignition has the potential to significantly reduce NO x emissions, while maintaining a high fuel efficiency. Homogeneous charge compression ignition is characterized by compression-induced autoignition of a lean homogeneous air–fuel mixture. Combustion timing is highly dependent on the in-cylinder state including pressure, temperature and trapped mass. To control homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion, it is necessary to have an accurate representation of the gas exchange process. Currently, microprocessor-based engine control units require that the gas exchange process is linearized around a desired operating point to simplify the model for real-time implementation. This reduces the models’ ability to handle disturbances and limits the flexibility of the model. However, using a field programmable gate array, a detailed simulation of the physical gas exchange process can be implemented in real time. This paper outlines the process of converting physical governing equations to an offline zero-dimensional gas exchange model. The process used to convert this model to a field programmable gate array capable model is described. This model is experimentally validated using a single cylinder research engine with electromagnetic valves to record real-time field programmable gate array gas exchange results and comparing to the offline zero-dimensional physical model. The field programmable gate array model is able to accurately calculate the cylinder temperature and cylinder mass at 0.1 °CA intervals during the gas exchange process for a range of negative valve overlaps, boost conditions and engine speeds making the model useful for future real-time control applications.
KW - Field programmable gate array
KW - gas exchange model
KW - gasoline-controlled autoignition
KW - homogeneous charge compression ignition
KW - zero-dimensional engine simulation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85050690223&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/1468087418788491
DO - 10.1177/1468087418788491
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85050690223
SN - 1468-0874
VL - 21
SP - 421
EP - 436
JO - International Journal of Engine Research
JF - International Journal of Engine Research
IS - 3
ER -