Chemistry, design and application of hybrid alkali activated binders

This chapter presents a brief overview of two typical alkali activated systems: a high calcium system and an aluminosilicates based one. Subsequently, recent progress in understanding the chemistry, design and applications of these alternative binders is reviewed. The commonly applied two alkali activated binder systems are modified by using alternatives such as sodium carbonates, slag/fly ash, limestone powder and nano-silica. The effects of those additives on reaction kinetics, gel structure, mechanical properties, porosity and shrinkage are comprehensively studied. The recipe designs of modified alkali activated binders are also investigated. The applications of these new binders in waste management, high performance products, and functional building materials are introduced. Finally, future research directions, modifications, designs and potential applications are suggested.