Characterization of poly(p-phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends of polymer solar cells by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

C.W.T. Bulle-Lieuwma; J.K.J. Duren, van; X.N. Yang; J. Loos; A.B. Sieval; J.C. Hummelen; R.A.J. Janssen

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.251

Characterization of poly(p-phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends of polymer solar cells by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

C.W.T. Bulle-Lieuwma
, J.K.J. Duren, van
, X.N. Yang
, J. Loos
, A.B. Sieval
, J.C. Hummelen
, R.A.J. Janssen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

23 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHSC) strongly depends on the mol. morphol. of the .apprx.100 nm thick spin cast photoactive films of the polymer/fullerene composites used. Using dynamic TOF-SIMS, we show here that spontaneous stratification is absent for several methanofullerene concns. by use of a deuterium labeled methanofullerene in composite films of a poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and a methanofullerene. In addn., imaging TOF-SIMS on annealed samples shows a dramatic increase in phase segregation on a sub-micron level. The TOF-SIMS results are supported by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and at. force microscopy (AFM) measurements

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	274-277
Number of pages	4
Journal	Applied Surface Science
Volume	231-232
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.251
Publication status	Published - 2004

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10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.251

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title = "Characterization of poly(p-phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends of polymer solar cells by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry",

abstract = "The performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHSC) strongly depends on the mol. morphol. of the .apprx.100 nm thick spin cast photoactive films of the polymer/fullerene composites used. Using dynamic TOF-SIMS, we show here that spontaneous stratification is absent for several methanofullerene concns. by use of a deuterium labeled methanofullerene in composite films of a poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and a methanofullerene. In addn., imaging TOF-SIMS on annealed samples shows a dramatic increase in phase segregation on a sub-micron level. The TOF-SIMS results are supported by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and at. force microscopy (AFM) measurements",

author = "C.W.T. Bulle-Lieuwma and \{Duren, van\}, J.K.J. and X.N. Yang and J. Loos and A.B. Sieval and J.C. Hummelen and R.A.J. Janssen",

year = "2004",

doi = "10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.251",

language = "English",

volume = "231-232",

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journal = "Applied Surface Science",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Characterization of poly(p-phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends of polymer solar cells by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

AU - Bulle-Lieuwma, C.W.T.

AU - Duren, van, J.K.J.

AU - Yang, X.N.

AU - Loos, J.

AU - Sieval, A.B.

AU - Hummelen, J.C.

AU - Janssen, R.A.J.

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - The performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHSC) strongly depends on the mol. morphol. of the .apprx.100 nm thick spin cast photoactive films of the polymer/fullerene composites used. Using dynamic TOF-SIMS, we show here that spontaneous stratification is absent for several methanofullerene concns. by use of a deuterium labeled methanofullerene in composite films of a poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and a methanofullerene. In addn., imaging TOF-SIMS on annealed samples shows a dramatic increase in phase segregation on a sub-micron level. The TOF-SIMS results are supported by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and at. force microscopy (AFM) measurements

AB - The performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHSC) strongly depends on the mol. morphol. of the .apprx.100 nm thick spin cast photoactive films of the polymer/fullerene composites used. Using dynamic TOF-SIMS, we show here that spontaneous stratification is absent for several methanofullerene concns. by use of a deuterium labeled methanofullerene in composite films of a poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and a methanofullerene. In addn., imaging TOF-SIMS on annealed samples shows a dramatic increase in phase segregation on a sub-micron level. The TOF-SIMS results are supported by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and at. force microscopy (AFM) measurements

U2 - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.251

DO - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.251

M3 - Article

SN - 0169-4332

VL - 231-232

SP - 274

EP - 277

JO - Applied Surface Science

JF - Applied Surface Science

IS - 1

ER -

Characterization of poly(p-phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends of polymer solar cells by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

Abstract

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