Building integrated photovoltaic: building envelope material and power generator for energy-efficient buildings

Solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies installed on building rooftops and façades are common in some parts of the world. The majority of these systems are composed of modules that are attached to the surfaces of roofs and façade by means of different types of racking hardware. The photovoltaic panels are integrated into the building fabric replacing conventional building covering materials, but with the added benefit of producing renewable electricity. PV performance considerations mostly influence systems designs with aesthetics often coming secondary. But growing consumer interest in distributed PV technologies and industry competition to reduce installation costs are enhancing the development of multifunctional PV products that are incorporated into building materials. This chapter describes the methods, development, and application of building integrated photovoltaic in various types of buildings. The chapter also focuses on the benefits of the application of building integrated photovoltaic in green buildings, which cover building as well as producing electricity.