TY - JOUR
T1 - An energy-efficient polar transmitter for IEEE 802.15.6 body area networks
T2 - system requirements and circuit designs
AU - Liu, Yao Hong
AU - Huang, Xiongchuan
AU - Vidojkovic, Maja
AU - Dolmans, Guido
AU - de Groot, Harmke
PY - 2012/10/11
Y1 - 2012/10/11
N2 - This article discusses the radio system requirements and design trade-offs of a low-power 2.3/2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.6-narrowband transmitter for body area network applications. The IEEE 802.15.6 narrowband PHY adopts nonconstant envelope DPSK modulations. Transmitter architecture selection is a major challenge because it needs to provide both amplitude and phase modulation, with good efficiency and strict requirements on modulation accuracy and linearity for non-constant envelope modulations. A PLL-based polar transmitter with a Sigma-Delta digitally controlled power amplifier (SD-DPA) is employed for its excellent energy efficiency. Finally, this article discusses the circuit design considerations and implementation results. With balance between analog and digital implementation, and careful planning of the radio system, the polar transmitter presented in this article can meet all of the specifications defined in IEEE 802.15.6 with abundant margin, while having extremely low power consumption of 5.4 mW and excellent energy efficiency of 5.4 nJ/bit.
AB - This article discusses the radio system requirements and design trade-offs of a low-power 2.3/2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.6-narrowband transmitter for body area network applications. The IEEE 802.15.6 narrowband PHY adopts nonconstant envelope DPSK modulations. Transmitter architecture selection is a major challenge because it needs to provide both amplitude and phase modulation, with good efficiency and strict requirements on modulation accuracy and linearity for non-constant envelope modulations. A PLL-based polar transmitter with a Sigma-Delta digitally controlled power amplifier (SD-DPA) is employed for its excellent energy efficiency. Finally, this article discusses the circuit design considerations and implementation results. With balance between analog and digital implementation, and careful planning of the radio system, the polar transmitter presented in this article can meet all of the specifications defined in IEEE 802.15.6 with abundant margin, while having extremely low power consumption of 5.4 mW and excellent energy efficiency of 5.4 nJ/bit.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84867182430&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/MCOM.2012.6316785
DO - 10.1109/MCOM.2012.6316785
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84867182430
SN - 0163-6804
VL - 50
SP - 118
EP - 127
JO - IEEE Communications Magazine
JF - IEEE Communications Magazine
IS - 10
M1 - 6316785
ER -