A Review of DC Fast Chargers with BESS for Electric Vehicles: Topology, Battery, Reliability Oriented Control and Cooling Perspectives

Hakan Polat; Farzad Hosseinabadi; Md. Mahamudul Hasan; Sajib Chakraborty; Thomas Geury; Mohamed El Baghdadi; Steven Wilkins; Omar Hegazy

doi:10.3390/batteries9020121

A Review of DC Fast Chargers with BESS for Electric Vehicles: Topology, Battery, Reliability Oriented Control and Cooling Perspectives

Hakan Polat
, Farzad Hosseinabadi
, Md. Mahamudul Hasan
, Sajib Chakraborty
, Thomas Geury
, Mohamed El Baghdadi
, Steven Wilkins
, Omar Hegazy (Corresponding author)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

41 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The global promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) through various incentives has led to a significant increase in their sales. However, the prolonged charging duration remains a significant hindrance to the widespread adoption of these vehicles and the broader electrification of transportation. While DC-fast chargers have the potential to significantly reduce charging time, they also result in high power demands on the grid, which can lead to power quality issues and congestion. One solution to this problem is the integration of a battery energy storage system (BESS) to decrease peak power demand on the grid. This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art use of DC-fast chargers coupled with a BESS. The focus of the paper is on industrial charger architectures and topologies. Additionally, this paper presents various reliability-oriented design methods, prognostic health monitoring techniques, and low-level/system-level control methods. Special emphasis is placed on strategies that can increase the lifetime of these systems. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing various cooling methods for power electronics and stationary/EV batteries.

Original language	English
Article number	121
Number of pages	36
Journal	Batteries
Volume	9
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9020121
Publication status	Published - Feb 2023
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge HiEFFICIENT project (GA no 101007281) consortium for the support to this research. The authors also acknowledge Flanders Make for the support to our research group.

Funding Information:
This work was supported by HiEFFICIENT project. This project has received funding from the ECSEL Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement no. 101007281. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Netherlands, Belgium, Slovakia, France, Italy, and Turkey.

Funding

The authors acknowledge HiEFFICIENT project (GA no 101007281) consortium for the support to this research. The authors also acknowledge Flanders Make for the support to our research group. This work was supported by HiEFFICIENT project. This project has received funding from the ECSEL Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement no. 101007281. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Netherlands, Belgium, Slovakia, France, Italy, and Turkey.

Funders	Funder number
European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme
Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership	101007281

Keywords

battery
battery energy storage system (BESS)
BESS cooling
EV battery cooling
EV charger topology
EV DC-fast charging
reliability
reliability oriented control

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10.3390/batteries9020121

Cite this

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title = "A Review of DC Fast Chargers with BESS for Electric Vehicles: Topology, Battery, Reliability Oriented Control and Cooling Perspectives",

abstract = "The global promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) through various incentives has led to a significant increase in their sales. However, the prolonged charging duration remains a significant hindrance to the widespread adoption of these vehicles and the broader electrification of transportation. While DC-fast chargers have the potential to significantly reduce charging time, they also result in high power demands on the grid, which can lead to power quality issues and congestion. One solution to this problem is the integration of a battery energy storage system (BESS) to decrease peak power demand on the grid. This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art use of DC-fast chargers coupled with a BESS. The focus of the paper is on industrial charger architectures and topologies. Additionally, this paper presents various reliability-oriented design methods, prognostic health monitoring techniques, and low-level/system-level control methods. Special emphasis is placed on strategies that can increase the lifetime of these systems. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing various cooling methods for power electronics and stationary/EV batteries.",

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author = "Hakan Polat and Farzad Hosseinabadi and Hasan, \{Md. Mahamudul\} and Sajib Chakraborty and Thomas Geury and \{El Baghdadi\}, Mohamed and Steven Wilkins and Omar Hegazy",

note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge HiEFFICIENT project (GA no 101007281) consortium for the support to this research. The authors also acknowledge Flanders Make for the support to our research group. Funding Information: This work was supported by HiEFFICIENT project. This project has received funding from the ECSEL Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement no. 101007281. The JU receives support from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Netherlands, Belgium, Slovakia, France, Italy, and Turkey. ",

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AU - El Baghdadi, Mohamed

AU - Wilkins, Steven

AU - Hegazy, Omar

N1 - Funding Information: The authors acknowledge HiEFFICIENT project (GA no 101007281) consortium for the support to this research. The authors also acknowledge Flanders Make for the support to our research group. Funding Information: This work was supported by HiEFFICIENT project. This project has received funding from the ECSEL Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement no. 101007281. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Netherlands, Belgium, Slovakia, France, Italy, and Turkey.

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N2 - The global promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) through various incentives has led to a significant increase in their sales. However, the prolonged charging duration remains a significant hindrance to the widespread adoption of these vehicles and the broader electrification of transportation. While DC-fast chargers have the potential to significantly reduce charging time, they also result in high power demands on the grid, which can lead to power quality issues and congestion. One solution to this problem is the integration of a battery energy storage system (BESS) to decrease peak power demand on the grid. This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art use of DC-fast chargers coupled with a BESS. The focus of the paper is on industrial charger architectures and topologies. Additionally, this paper presents various reliability-oriented design methods, prognostic health monitoring techniques, and low-level/system-level control methods. Special emphasis is placed on strategies that can increase the lifetime of these systems. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing various cooling methods for power electronics and stationary/EV batteries.

AB - The global promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) through various incentives has led to a significant increase in their sales. However, the prolonged charging duration remains a significant hindrance to the widespread adoption of these vehicles and the broader electrification of transportation. While DC-fast chargers have the potential to significantly reduce charging time, they also result in high power demands on the grid, which can lead to power quality issues and congestion. One solution to this problem is the integration of a battery energy storage system (BESS) to decrease peak power demand on the grid. This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art use of DC-fast chargers coupled with a BESS. The focus of the paper is on industrial charger architectures and topologies. Additionally, this paper presents various reliability-oriented design methods, prognostic health monitoring techniques, and low-level/system-level control methods. Special emphasis is placed on strategies that can increase the lifetime of these systems. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing various cooling methods for power electronics and stationary/EV batteries.

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KW - EV DC-fast charging

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A Review of DC Fast Chargers with BESS for Electric Vehicles: Topology, Battery, Reliability Oriented Control and Cooling Perspectives

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

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