Abstract
This paper presents a digitally programmable bi-directional 7-bit passive phase shifter in a 65 nm CMOS technology. The core of this passive vector-synthesized phase shifter is a hybrid quadrature generator (HQG), an interstage matching network, and a passive vector modulator (PVM). This work proposes a high coupling-factor-based quadrature generator design methodology and demonstrates it with a compact vertical transformer. The interstage matching network between HQG and PVM is proposed to release the bandwidth bottleneck and achieve a 34% fractional frequency bandwidth. Two 6-bit X-type attenuators in the I and Q path form a high-resolution 12-bit controlling word. In 32-40 GHz, this 7-bit 360 ∘ phase shifter achieves a measured 2.8 ∘ step with 0.45-1.6 ∘ RMS phase error and 0.2-0.36 dB RMS magnitude error. With the broadband technique, its 3-dB bandwidth reaches 30.2-42.7 GHz with a 2.8 ∘ RMS phase error. Its in-band 1-dB compression point is 10.2 dBm. With the proposed compact HQG and PVM, this mm-wave passive phase shifter only occupies 220×630 μ m 2 and has no power consumption.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 4000-4013 |
Number of pages | 14 |
Journal | IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers |
Volume | 69 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Oct 2022 |
Keywords
- Attenuators
- Bandwidth
- Bidirectional control
- Couplings
- Generators
- Linearity
- Passive phase shifter
- Radio frequency
- matching network
- mm-Wave
- passive vector modulator
- quadrature generator